What is the ideal tow ball mass for a caravan?

The ideal tow ball mass is 8–12% of the caravan's Aggregate Trailer Mass (ATM). For a 3,000 kg caravan, aim for 240–360 kg on the tow ball. Too light causes sway; too heavy overloads the tow vehicle's rear axle and GVM.

Do I need a weight distribution hitch (WDH)?

A WDH is recommended when tow ball mass exceeds ~100 kg or when the rear of the tow vehicle sags noticeably. It redistributes load back to the front axle, restoring steering and braking performance. Not all vehicles permit WDH use — check your owner's manual.

How do I measure tow ball mass at home?

Use a tow ball scale or a bathroom scale with a spacer block: drop the jockey wheel until the van is level, place the scale under the coupling, and lower the jockey wheel until the wheel is just off the ground. Read the scale — that's your tow ball mass.

Where should heavy items go in a caravan?

Heavy items (fridges, batteries, toolboxes) should sit low and centred over the axle. Avoid placing heavy gear at the extreme front or rear — this exaggerates tow ball mass or causes tail sway. Water tanks should be filled over the axle when possible.

Is it illegal to exceed ATM or GVM in Australia?

Yes. Exceeding ATM, GVM or GCM is a breach of vehicle compliance and state road laws. Fines vary by state but can exceed $500, and insurance may be void in the event of an accident. Always weigh your rig at a public weighbridge before touring.

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Guide

Caravan Weight Distribution & Safe Loading Guide (2026)

Get your caravan loading right every time. This guide covers the physics of weight distribution, how to measure tow ball mass accurately, and when a weight distribution hitch (WDH) is essential — with direct links to verify your final numbers.